In the past, the fortunes of the
press in Argentina has varied
greatly depending on the prevailing
political situation. Overbearing
state control and censorship
characterized much of the twentieth
century, typified by the Perón
regime and the browbeating of the
last era of military rule in the
late 1970s, when, once Jacobo
Timerman's
La Opinión was
closed down, the
Buenos Aires
Herald stood alone in refusing
to let the issue of the disappeared
slip off the agenda. The current
situation is much more dynamic, and
a resilient streak of investigative
journalism provides a constant
stream of stories revolving around
official corruption.
Journalists
often take considerable risks in the
process: one case that horified the
nation was the brutal murder of a
photojournalist, Cabezas.
Argentina's biggest-selling
national daily is Clarín
, which sells over half a million
copies daily and over a million for
its Sunday edition, which is packed
with supplements, including an
excellent cultural guide. The
Clarín media group has a stake
in several leading provincial
dailies, such as the Río Negro
, which are to a large extent
reproductions of the mother paper
but given a more local focus.
Clarín also owns Olé , a
paper dedicated solely to sport,
with football taking up the lion's
share. Second in importance to
Clarín is La Nación , a
broadsheet that was founded in 1870
by Bartolomé Mitre, a former
Argentine president, and leans to
the right of centre. It too prints a
bumper Sunday edition. Unabashedly
anti-establishment, Página 12
is a paper with a distinct,
trenchant style, a strong tradition
of investigative journalism, and a
particular penchant for harrying the
ex-members of Latin military juntas
who are guilty of crimes against
humanity, especially the Argentine
ones. One satirical cover it is fond
of reproducing in this
uncompromising crusade is a mugshot
of whichever of these generals or
admirals happens to be in the news
superimposed onto the body of
someone garbed in a prison uniform.
Argentina's regional press
is also strong, though the quality
varies enormously across the
country. A handful of local dailies
such as Mendoza's Los Andes
and Córdoba's La Voz del Interior
are every bit as informative and
well-written as the leading national
newspapers, and they contain vital
information about tourist
attractions, cultural events and
travel news. The other advantage is
they're often on the newsstands
before the Buenos Aires-based titles
arrive.
The Buenos Aires Herald is
the continent's most prestigious
English-language daily (dating
back to 1876), with strong
international news coverage and
features from the international
press, including Britain's The
Guardian . In recent years, it
has been headed by the astute author
and commentator, Andrew
Graham-Yooll. It is pitched at the
highbrow end of the market and is
well respected for the quality of
its journalism but, unsurprisingly,
it is still associated in the minds
of many Argentines with the
old-style Anglo-Argentine elite. It
won international plaudits for its
principled stand on human rights
issues in the dark years of the last
military dictatorship, but suffered
during the Malvinas/Falklands war
when distributors refused to stock
it. Football coverage in its sports
section focuses on British leagues
rather than their Italian or Spanish
counterparts. The Herald is
reasonably widely available, but
don't expect to find it outside
major cities and tourist centres in
the provinces.
Greatly admired for its
independent investigative journalism
is the magazine XXII
, whose circulation is relatively
minor due to its intellectual
stance. More populist, but well
worth checking out, is Noticias
, a general-interest magazine that
mixes well-researched investigative
journalism features with a leavening
of gossip and sport, and which
includes a short section of
international news. It takes
particular delight in exposing
alleged corruption within the circle
of family and associates of
ex-president Menem. Other magazines
include Gente and Caras
, which are glossies that form part
of the tabloid press ( prensa de
farándula ).
Newspapers and magazines are sold
at pavement kiosks , usually
found near the main square or bus
terminals. In outlying areas, you
pay a supplement (usually $0.20),
and dailies often don't arrive till
late in the day. International
publications such as Time,
Newsweek and The Economist
are sold at the kiosks on Calle
Florida in Buenos Aires, and you can
normally track these down in other
larger cities, although distribution
can be erratic.